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Analysis of driving forces behind diversified carbon dioxide emission patterns in regions of the mainland

Xin TIAN, Hidefumi IMURA, Miao CHANG, Feng SHI, Hiroki TANIKAWA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 445-458 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0330-6

摘要： China has large regional disparities in carbon dioxide CO emissions with economic development among its 31 provincial mainland regions. This paper investigates these disparities in CO emission patterns and identifies the factors underlying the differences. Results show that the 30 study China's mainland provinces (Tibet not included) can be divided into seven groups with three typical CO emission patterns. Index decomposition results indicate that changes in economic development, the industrial sector, and technology contribute far more to increased CO emissions than do population, energy structure, and other sectors. Close inspection reveals that different industry structures and technology contribute greatly to the differences observed in CO emissions between provinces with similar economic output. This study highlights the importance of region-specific industrial structure adjustment policies, especially for regions transitioning to heavy industry and for those still in the primary stages of industrialization. The potential application of a domestic carbon emissions trading system, to encourage regional investment in updated technology, is also discussed.

关键词： carbon dioxide emission patterns     China     economic development     index decomposition analysis     industrialization    

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Peak CO

Sheng ZHOU, Maosheng DUAN, Zhiyi YUAN, Xunmin OU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 740-758 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0558-y

摘要： This paper studies the pathways of peaking CO emissions of Dezhou city in China, by employing a bottom-up sector analysis model and considering future economic growth, the adjustment of the industrial structure, and the trend of energy intensity. Two scenarios (a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario and a CO mitigation scenario (CMS)) are set up. The results show that in the BAU scenario, the final energy consumption will peak at 25.93 million tons of coal equivalent (Mtce) (16% growth versus 2014) in 2030. In the CMS scenario, the final energy will peak in 2020 at 23.47 Mtce (9% lower versus peak in the BAU scenario). The total primary energy consumption will increase by 12% (BAU scenario) and decrease by 3% (CMS scenario) in 2030, respectively, compared to that in 2014. In the BAU scenario, CO emission will peak in 2025 at 70 million tons of carbon dioxide (MtCO ), and subsequently decrease gradually in 2030. In the CMS scenario, the peak has occurred in 2014, and 60 MtCO will be emitted in 2030. Active policies including restructuring the economy, improving energy efficiency, capping coal consumption, and using more low-carbon /carbon free fuel are recommended in Dezhou city peaked CO emission as early as possible.

关键词： carbon dioxide emission     energy consumption     peak CO2 emission     low-carbon transition     Dezhou city     China    

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Renewable synthetic fuel: turning carbon dioxide back into fuel

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 145-149 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0828-6

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Investigation of carbon dioxide photoreduction process in a laboratory-scale photoreactor by computational

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期   页码 1149-1163 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2096-0

摘要： The production of solar fuels via the photoreduction of carbon dioxide to methane by titanium oxide is a promising process to control greenhouse gas emissions and provide alternative renewable fuels. Although several reaction mechanisms have been proposed, the detailed steps are still ambiguous, and the limiting factors are not well defined. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms of carbon dioxide photoreduction, a multiphysics model was developed using COMSOL. The novelty of this work is the computational fluid dynamic model combined with the novel carbon dioxide photoreduction intrinsic reaction kinetic model, which was built based on three-steps, namely gas adsorption, surface reactions and desorption, while the ultraviolet light intensity distribution was simulated by the Gaussian distribution model and Beer-Lambert model. The carbon dioxide photoreduction process conducted in a laboratory-scale reactor under different carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressures was then modeled based on the intrinsic kinetic model. It was found that the simulation results for methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen yield match the experiments in the concentration range of 10−4 mol·m–3 at the low carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressure. Finally, the factors of adsorption site concentration, adsorption equilibrium constant, ultraviolet light intensity and temperature were evaluated.

关键词： carbon dioxide photoreduction     computational fluid dynamic simulation     kinetic model     Langmuir adsorption    

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Scale up of reactors for carbon dioxide reduction

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 116-122 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2178-7

摘要： In recent times there has been a great deal of interest in the conversion of carbon dioxide into more useful chemical compounds. On the other hand, the translation of these developments in electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide from the laboratory bench to practical scale remains an underexplored topic. Here we examine some of the major challenges, demonstrating some promising strategies towards such scale-up, including increased electrode area and stacking of electrode pairs in different configurations. We observed that increasing the electrode area from 1 to 10 cm2 led to only a 4% drop in current density, with similarly small penalties realised when stacking sub-cells together.

关键词： CO2 reduction     electrochemical cell     electrosynthesis     upscaling    

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Efficient acetylene/carbon dioxide separation with excellent dynamic capacity and low regeneration energy

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1616-1622 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2183-x

摘要： Adsorptive separation of acetylene/carbon dioxide mixtures by porous materials is an important and challenging task due to their similar sizes and physical properties. Here, remarkable acetylene/carbon dioxide separation featuring a high dynamic breakthrough capacity for acetylene (4.3 mmol·g–1) as well as an ultralow acetylene regeneration energy (29.5 kJ·mol–1) was achieved with the novel TiF62–-pillared material ZU-100 (TIFSIX-bpy-Ni). Construction of a pore structure with abundant TiF62– anion sites and pores with appropriate sizes enabled formation of acetylene clusters through hydrogen bonds and intermolecular interactions, which afforded a high acetylene capacity (8.3 mmol·g–1) and high acetylene/carbon dioxide uptake ratio (1.9) at 298 K and 1 bar. Moreover, the NbO52– anion-pillared material ZU-61 investigated for separation of acetylene/carbon dioxide. In addition, breakthrough experiments were also conducted to further confirm the excellent dynamic acetylene/carbon dioxide separation performance of ZU-100.

关键词： adsorption     acetylene/carbon dioxide separation     dynamic capacity     anion-pillared hybrid material    

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Tripotassium citrate monohydrate derived carbon nanosheets as a competent assistant to manganese dioxide

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 420-432 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2065-7

摘要： Production cost, capacitance, and electrode materials safety are the key factors to be concerned about for supercapacitors. In this work, a type of carbon nanosheets was produced through the carbonization of tripotassium citrate monohydrate and nitric acidification. Subsequently, a well-designed manganese dioxide/carbon nanosheets composite was synthesized through hydrothermal treating. The carbon nanosheets served as the substrate for growing the manganese dioxide, regulating its distribution, and preventing it from inhomogeneous dimensions and severe agglomeration. Many manganese dioxide nanosheets grew vertically on the numerous functional groups generated on the surface of the carbon nanosheets during acidification. The synergistic combination of carbon nanosheets and manganese dioxide tailors the electrochemical performance of the composite, which benefits from the excellent conductivity and stability of carbon nanosheets. The carbon nanosheets derived from tripotassium citrate monohydrate are conducive to the remarkable performance of manganese dioxide/carbon nanosheets electrode. Finally, an asymmetric supercapacitor with active carbon as the cathode and manganese dioxide/carbon nanosheets as the anode was assembled, achieving an outstanding energy density of 54.68 Wh·kg–1 and remarkable power density of 6399.2 W·kg–1 superior to conventional lead-acid batteries. After 10000 charge-discharge cycles, the device retained 75.3% of the initial capacitance, showing good cycle stability. Two assembled asymmetric supercapacitors in series charged for 3 min could power a yellow light emitting diode with an operating voltage of 2 V for 2 min. This study may provide valuable insights for applying carbon materials and manganese dioxide in the energy storage field.

关键词： carbon nanosheets     manganese dioxide     asymmetric supercapacitors     energy density     power density    

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ZnZr/HZSM-5 as efficient catalysts for alkylation of benzene with carbon dioxide

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 404-414 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2215-6

摘要： Alkylation of benzene with carbon dioxide and hydrogen to produce toluene and xylene could increase the added-value of surplus benzene as well as relieve environmental problems like green-house effect. In this work, the alkylation benzene with carbon dioxide and hydrogen reaction was proceeded by using the mixture of zinc-zirconium oxide and HZSM-5 as bifunctional catalyst. The equivalent of Zn/Zr = 1 displays the best catalytic performance at 425 °C and 3.0 MPa, and benzene conversion reaches 42.9% with a selectivity of 90% towards toluene and xylene. Moreover, the carbon dioxide conversion achieves 23.3% and the carbon monoxide selectivity is lower than 35%, indicating that more than 50% carbon dioxide has been effectively incorporated into the target product, which is the best result as far as we know. Combined with characterizations, it indicated that the Zn and Zr formed a solid solution under specific conditions (Zn/Zr = 1). The as-formed solid solution not only possesses a high surface area but also provides a large amount of oxygen vacancies. Additionally, the bifunctional catalyst has excellent stabilities that could keep operating without deactivation for at least 80 h. This work provides promising industrial applications for the upgrading of aromatics.

关键词： carbon dioxide     alkylation of benzene     solid solution catalyst     bifunctional catalyst    

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The carbon dioxide removal potential of Liquid Air Energy Storage: A high-level technical and economic

Andrew LOCKLEY, Ted von HIPPEL

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第3期   页码 456-464 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0102-8

摘要： Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) is at pilot scale. Air cooling and liquefaction stores energy; reheating revaporises the air at pressure, powering a turbine or engine (Ameel et al., 2013). Liquefaction requires water & CO removal, preventing ice fouling. This paper proposes subsequent geological storage of this CO – offering a novel Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) by-product, for the energy storage industry. It additionally assesses the scale constraint and economic opportunity offered by implementing this CDR approach. Similarly, established Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) uses air compression and subsequent expansion. CAES could also add CO scrubbing and subsequent storage, at extra cost. CAES stores fewer joules per kilogram of air than LAES – potentially scrubbing more CO per joule stored. Operational LAES/CAES technologies cannot offer full-scale CDR this century (Stocker et al., 2014), yet they could offer around 4% of projected CO disposals for LAES and<25% for current-technology CAES. LAES CDR could reach trillion-dollar scale this century (20 billion USD/year, to first order). A larger, less certain commercial CDR opportunity exists for modified conventional CAES, due to additional equipment requirements. CDR may be commercially critical for LAES/CAES usage growth, and the necessary infrastructure may influence plant scaling and placement. A suggested design for low-pressure CAES theoretically offers global-scale CDR potential within a century (ignoring siting constraints) – but this must be costed against competing CDR and energy storage technologies.

关键词： carbon dioxide removal     Liquid Air Energy Storage     Compressed Air Energy Storage     geoengineering    

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Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of CLA-ethyl ester

Yingdi CHEN, Peng XU, Jian CHENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 102-106 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0536-3

摘要： Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO ) extraction of Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) ethyl ester was investigated at pressures in the range of 9 to 10.5 MPa and temperature gradients ranging from 0°C to 21°C. The content of CLA-ethyl ester in the fraction was analyzed with gas chromatography (GC). The experimental results indicated that the rate of extraction would rise with the increase of pressure when temperature gradient was given. Moreover, the extraction pressure had insignificant influence on the selectivity of CLA-ethyl ester in SC-CO . When pressure was fixed, setting certain temperature gradient can improve the selectivity of CLA-ethyl ester in SC-CO , and CLA-ethyl ester can be concentrated more effectively than without a temperature gradient. The acid value and peroxide value of the fractions were reduced obviously, compared to the raw material. The optimal condition is pressure at 10 MPa and temperature gradient at 11°C.

关键词： supercritical carbon dioxide     extraction     CLA-ethyl ester     temperature gradient    

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Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide by titanium oxide-based semiconductors to produce fuels

Xi CHEN, Fangming JIN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 207-220 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0628-9

摘要： To tackle the crisis of global warming, it is imperative to control and mitigate the atmospheric carbon dioxide level. Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide into solar fuels furnishes a gratifying solution to utilize and reduce carbon dioxide emission and simultaneously generate renewable energy to sustain the societies. So far, titanium oxide-based semiconductors have been the most prevalently adopted catalysts in carbon dioxide photoreduction. This mini-review provides a general summary of the recent progresses in titanium oxide-catalyzed photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide. It first illustrates the use of structural engineering as a strategy to adjust and improve the catalytic performances. Then, it describes the introduction of one/two exogenous elements to modify the photocatalytic activity and/or selectivity. Lastly, it discusses multi-component hybrid titanium oxide composites.

关键词： photocatalysis     carbon dioxide reduction     semiconductors     titanium oxide     renewable fuels    

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Carbon dioxide fixation by

Xuan JIA, Hai YAN, Zijing WANG, Huanju HE, Qianqian XU, Haiou WANG, Chunhua YIN, Liqin LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 402-408 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0223-0

摘要： A promising microalgal strain isolated from fresh water, which can grow both autotrophically on inorganic carbon under lighting and heterotrophically on organic carbon without lighting, was identified as sp. USTB-01 with the phylogenetic analysis based on 18S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequences. In the heterotrophic batch culture, more than 20.0 g·L of cell dry weight concentration (DWC) of sp. USTB-01 was obtained at day 5, and which was used directly to seed the autotrophic culture. A novel fermentor-helical combined photobioreactor was established and used to cultivate sp. USTB-01 for the fixation of carbon dioxide (CO ). It showed that the autotrophic growth of sp. USTB-01 in the combined photobioreactor was more effective than that in the fermentor alone and the maximum DWC of 2.5 g·L was obtained at day 6. The highest CO fixation of 95% appeared on day 1 in the exponential growth phases of sp. USTB-01 and 49.8% protein was found in the harvested microalgal cells.

关键词： Chlorella sp. USTB-01     carbon dioxide fixation     combined photobioreactor    

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Methanation of carbon dioxide: an overview

Wei WANG, Jinlong GONG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 2-10 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0528-3

摘要： Although being very challenging, utilization of carbon dioxide (CO ) originating from production processes and flue gases of CO -intensive sectors has a great environmental and industrial potential due to improving the resource efficiency of industry as well as by contributing to the reduction of CO emissions. As a renewable and environmentally friendly source of carbon, catalytic approaches for CO fixation in the synthesis of chemicals offer the way to mitigate the increasing CO buildup. Among the catalytic reactions, methanation of CO is a particularly promising technique for producing energy carrier or chemical. This article focuses on recent developments in catalytic materials, novel reactors, and reaction mechanism for methanation of CO .

关键词： CO2 methanation     hydrogenation     catalysis     methane     environmental science    

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Variation characteristics of atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide in summertime at a coastal site in

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1574-z

摘要：

● Diurnal patterns of CH4 and CO2 are clearly extracted using EEMD.

关键词： Methane     Carbon dioxide     Diurnal pattern     Ensemble empirical mode decomposition     South China Sea     Sea breeze    

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Application of membrane separation technology in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process

Mo LI,Xiaobin JIANG,Gaohong HE

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 233-239 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1408-z

摘要： Membrane separation technology is a possible breakthrough in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process. This review first focuses on the requirements for CO separation membrane, and then outlines the existing competitive materials, promising preparation methods and processes to achieve desirable CO selectivity and permeability. A particular emphasis is addressed on polyimides, poly (ethylene oxide), mixed-matrix membrane, thermally-rearranged polymer, fixed site carrier membrane, ionic liquid membrane and electrodialysis process. The advantages and drawbacks of each of materials and methods are discussed. Research threads and methodology of CO separation membrane and the key issue in this area are concluded

关键词： membranes     carbon dioxide capture     separation     polymers     post-combustion    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Analysis of driving forces behind diversified carbon dioxide emission patterns in regions of the mainland

Xin TIAN, Hidefumi IMURA, Miao CHANG, Feng SHI, Hiroki TANIKAWA

期刊论文

Peak CO

Sheng ZHOU, Maosheng DUAN, Zhiyi YUAN, Xunmin OU

期刊论文

Renewable synthetic fuel: turning carbon dioxide back into fuel

期刊论文

Investigation of carbon dioxide photoreduction process in a laboratory-scale photoreactor by computational

期刊论文

Scale up of reactors for carbon dioxide reduction

期刊论文

Efficient acetylene/carbon dioxide separation with excellent dynamic capacity and low regeneration energy

期刊论文

Tripotassium citrate monohydrate derived carbon nanosheets as a competent assistant to manganese dioxide

期刊论文

ZnZr/HZSM-5 as efficient catalysts for alkylation of benzene with carbon dioxide

期刊论文

The carbon dioxide removal potential of Liquid Air Energy Storage: A high-level technical and economic

Andrew LOCKLEY, Ted von HIPPEL

期刊论文

Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of CLA-ethyl ester

Yingdi CHEN, Peng XU, Jian CHENG

期刊论文

Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide by titanium oxide-based semiconductors to produce fuels

Xi CHEN, Fangming JIN

期刊论文

Carbon dioxide fixation by

Xuan JIA, Hai YAN, Zijing WANG, Huanju HE, Qianqian XU, Haiou WANG, Chunhua YIN, Liqin LIU

期刊论文

Methanation of carbon dioxide: an overview

Wei WANG, Jinlong GONG

期刊论文

Variation characteristics of atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide in summertime at a coastal site in

期刊论文

Application of membrane separation technology in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process

Mo LI,Xiaobin JIANG,Gaohong HE

期刊论文